Analysis of international trade of the department of Tolima: Application of the gravity model in the period 2009-2019

This article is part of the partial results of the Special Research Project (PIE) entitled “Analysis of the process of internationalization of the economy in the income of the rural population in Colombia, as the basis of a social protection policy in the rural sector,” which collects the results of the diagnosis of international trade at the national level. In this analysis, data reported by the National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE) are used, and subsequently the international trade of the Department of Tolima is analyzed in detail, using Legiscomex data. The results of the diagnosis and the modeling of the panel data gravity model allow us to infer that the Department of Tolima is not taking advantage of the opportunities to sell larger quantities and obtain profits from the production and commercialization in those markets with which it has integrated through free trade agreements, especially those signed with the United States and the European Union.